Logic Midterm Study Guide

All the items listed on the study guide for Quiz #1 plus:

Definitions

State the form of Inductive Generalization (see below), indicating which parts (Sample, Population, Relevant Property) are found in each premise and the conclusion.

Hasty Generalization, Biased Sample, Self-Selecting Sample

State the form of the Argument from Analogy (see below), indicating which parts (Thing A, Thing B, Property 1, Property 2) are found in each premise and the conclusion.

Fallacy, Informal Fallacy, Formal Fallacy

Define each of the following Informal Fallacies by stating the type of deception involved and how it is used: Appeal to Unqualified Authority (Ch. 4, pp. 130-1), Begging the Question, Appeal to Emotion, Appeal to Popularity, Appeal to Ignorance, Equivocation, Composition, Division, Ad Hominem, Straw Man, and Slippery Slope.

Exercises

Distinguish between Literary Analogies, Inductive Generalizations, Arguments from Analogy, and Categorical Syllogisms.

Identify the parts of Inductive Generalizations and Arguments from Analogy.

Identify the Number of Relevant Similarities, the Number of Relevant Differences, the Number of Instances Compared, and the Diversity of Cases in Arguments from Analogy.

Identify examples of the Informal Fallacies above.

Inductive Generalization

1. The Sample (including Sample Size) has the Relevant Property.

2. Therefore, the Population has the Relevant Property.

Argument from Analogy

1. Thing A has Property 1 and Property 2.

2. Thing B has Property 1.

3. Therefore, Thing B has Property 2.